We also propose an operational definition of hyperfocus for researchers to use moving forward. Using this foundation, we provide constructive criticism about previously used methods and analyses. In this paper, we review how hyperfocus (as well as possibly related phenomena) has been defined and measured, the challenges associated with hyperfocus research, and assess how hyperfocus affects both neurotypical and clinical populations.
Moreover, some studies do not refer to hyperfocus by name, but describe processes that may be related. Thus, there is no single consensus to what constitutes hyperfocus. In many cases, hyperfocus goes undefined, relying on the assumption that the reader inherently knows what it entails. Hyperfocus, though ostensibly self-explanatory, is poorly defined within the literature. We propose that hyperfocus is a critically important aspect of cognition, particularly with regard to clinical populations, and that it warrants significant investigation. Hyperfocus is most often mentioned in the context of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but research into its effect on cognitive and neural functioning is limited. ‘Hyperfocus’ is a phenomenon that reflects one’s complete absorption in a task, to a point where a person appears to completely ignore or ‘tune out’ everything else.
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